Oil Pumping Unit (Beam)

Pumping unit is a heavy equipment used to extract crude oil in petroleum exploitation, which is mainly divided into beam-pumping unit and beam-less pumping unit. Beam pumping unit is simple in structure and applicable to medium and shallow oil wells, while beamless pumping unit is compact in structure and more efficient, applicable to deep wells and high production oil fields. The following is a detailed description of the two pumping units:

Beam pumping unit
Beam pumping unit is the most common type in oil exploitation, commonly known as "mixer". Its main structure is characterized by a walking beam, also known as balance beam. The walking beam swings up and down through the center fulcrum to drive the sucker rod to move up and down, so as to drive the plunger pump in the well to extract the crude oil.

Operating principle
The basic working principle of beam-pumping unit is: power is provided by the driving device such as motor and internal combustion engine, and the power is transmitted to the beam-pumping unit through the reducer. The walking beam swings through the fulcrum to drive the connecting rod and connecting rod to make the sucker rod move up and down. When the sucker rod moves down, the plunger pump in the well starts to pump the crude oil from the underground to the ground.

Main components
Drive device: usually electric motor, internal combustion engine, etc., which transmits the power to the traveling beam through the reducer.
Traveling beam: the traveling beam is a key component supporting the hoisting system, similar to a large lever, which can swing on the fulcrum to drive other components to work.
Hoisting system: a pump composed of walking beam, connecting rod and sucker rod, which is used to transfer power to the underground.
Connecting rod and sucker rod: the connecting rod transmits the power through the swing of the traveling beam, and the sucker rod is connected to the plunger pump to realize the extraction of crude oil through up and down movement.
Counterbalance: In order to reduce the load of the driving device, the beam pumping unit usually has a counterbalance to balance the load during pumping.